What Drives Entrepreneurial Intention in the Digital Era? Insights from Postgraduate Students Experiencing AI-Based Entrepreneurial Education
Keywords:
Entrepreneurial Intention (EI), Entrepreneurial Education, Perceived University Support (PUS), Self-Efficacy, Positive Emotions (POEM), Qualitative Research
Abstract
Entrepreneurial intention (EI) has become a central focus in understanding how students transform learning experiences into entrepreneurial behavior, particularly amid the transition from the Fourth to the emerging Fifth Industrial Revolution. This preliminary study explores the determinants of perceived EI among postgraduate students in Indonesia, emphasizing the mediating role of Entrepreneurial Education on Artificial Intelligence (EEOAIN) as an integral component of the curriculum designed to prepare students for business start-up initiatives. A qualitative approach was employed using semi-structured, one-on-one interviews with eight postgraduate students representing various provinces and disciplines, including management, computer science, and education. The discussions aimed to uncover factors that strengthen entrepreneurial intention and to explore how individual psychological traits: Self-Efficacy (SE), Leadership Skills (LS), Digital Skills (DS), Work Experience (WE), and Perceived Stress (PST), influence EI within the rapidly evolving digital learning ecosystem. The findings reveal that EEOAIN is perceived as a transformative driver that enhances students’ readiness for entrepreneurial activity through exposure to AI-based innovations. Perceived University Support (PUS) and Positive Emotions (POEM) are identified as moderating factors that reinforce entrepreneurial intentions, thereby fostering entrepreneurial development and expanding employment opportunities for Indonesians. PUS acts as an external enabler by providing mentoring, resources, and social capital, while POEM functions as an internal psychological catalyst that promotes resilience and creativity. Collectively, these preliminary insights validate the conceptual model and provide empirical grounding for future quantitative investigations. This study offers initial evidence supporting the integration of technological, institutional, and emotional dimensions in shaping entrepreneurial intentions within higher education in developing-country contexts.References
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Bagheri, A., & Pihie, Z. A. L. (2014). he moderating role of gender in shaping entrepreneurial intentions: Implications for vocational guidance. International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance, 14(2), 227–243.
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DeVellis, R. F., & Thorpe, C. T. (2021). Scale development: Theory and applications. Sage publications.
Duong, N. T., Pham Thi, T. D., & Pham, V. K. (2024). A Comparative Study on AI-Based Learning Behaviors: Evidence from Vietnam. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 1-17. doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2024.2430433
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Hamdani, N. A., Ramadani, V., Anggadwita, G., Maulida, G. S., Zuferi, R., & Maalaoui, A. (2023). Gender stereotype perception, perceived social support and self-efficacy in increasing women's entrepreneurial intentions. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 29(6), 1290-1313. http://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-02-2023-0157
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Liñán, F., Jaén, I., & Domínguez-Quintero, A. M. (2024). An action phase theory approach to the configuration of entrepreneurial goal and implementation intentions. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 30(11), 64-90.
Liñán, F., Urbano, D., & Guerrero, M. (2011). Regional variations in entrepreneurial cognitions: Start-up intentions of university students in Spain. Entrepreneurship and regional development, 23(3-4), 187-215. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985620903233929
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Mankevich, V., & Svahn, F. (2021). Resourcing Digital Competence in Product Development: A Computational Study of Recruitment at Volvo Cars.
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Meyer, K. E., Li, J., & Brouthers, K. D. (2023). International business in the digital age: Global strategies in a world of national institutions. Journal of International Business Studies, 54(4), 577.
Nguyen, L. T., Tran, L. B., Nguyen, N. T. T., Le, L. D., & Nguyen, T. H. (2024). The impact of perceived happiness on the green entrepreneurship intention among university students in Vietnam. Kurdish Studies, 12(1), 377-396.
Pan, L., Li, J., Du, T., Hu, Z. A., & Ye, J. H. (2025). How positive emotions affect entrepreneurial intention of college students: A moderated mediation model. Heliyon, 11(4). doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2025.e42842
Rekarti, E., Yusriani, S., Utomo, K. W., Patiro, S. P. S., Riftana, F. D. C., & Yanti, P. (2025). How Do Digitalization, Self-Efficacy, and Family Support Influence Perceived Work-Life Balance Among Indonesia’s Service Sector Employees?. IJORER: International Journal of Recent Educational Research, 6(5), 1384-1397. https://doi.org/10.46245/ijorer.v6i5.887
Robbins, S. P. and Judge, T. A. (2013). Organizational Behavior. 15th ed. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Satriadi, S., Almaududi Ausat, A. M., Heryadi, D. Y., Widjaja, W., & Sari, A. R. (2022). Determinants of Entrepreneurial Intention: A Study on Indonesian Students. BISNIS & BIROKRASI: Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi dan Organisasi, 29(3), 3.
Shi, L., Yao, X., & Wu, W. (2020). Perceived university support, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, heterogeneous entrepreneurial intentions in entrepreneurship education: The moderating role of the Chinese sense of face. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, 12(2), 205-230. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEEE-04-2019-0040
T. Nuseir, M., Basheer, M. F., & Aljumah, A. (2020). Antecedents of entrepreneurial intentions in smart city of Neom Saudi Arabia: Does the entrepreneurial education on artificial intelligence matter?. Cogent Business & Management, 7(1), 1825041.
Thottoli, M. M., Cruz, M. E., & Al Abri, S. S. S. (2025). The incubation revolution: transforming entrepreneurial education with artificial intelligence. Asia Pacific Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 19(1), 2-23.
Tsai, K. H., Chang, H. C., & Peng, C. Y. (2016). Extending the link between entrepreneurial self-efficacy and intention: a moderated mediation model. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 12, 445-463. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11365-014-0351-2
Vafaei-Zadeh, A., Ganesan, V., Hanifah, H., Teoh, A. P., & Ramayah, T. (2023). Cyber-entrepreneurial intention among students in public universities: evidence from an emerging country. Education and Information Technologies, 28(5), 5385-5419. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-11362-4
Vahdat, S. (2022). The role of IT-based technologies on the management of human resources in the COVID-19 era. Kybernetes, 51(6), 2065-2088.
Wei, W., & Duan, J. (2024). How do entrepreneurial activities at different levels promote business growth: a review and research agenda. Chinese Management Studies, 18(3), 755-784.
Yousaf, U., Ali, S. A., Ahmed, M., Usman, B., & Sameer, I. (2021). From entrepreneurial education to entrepreneurial intention: a sequential mediation of self-efficacy and entrepreneurial attitude. International Journal of Innovation Science, 13(3), 364-380.
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Published
2025-12-23
How to Cite
Yusriani, S., Hanifah, H., Rekarti, E., Patiro, S. P. S., & Gunarto, M. (2025). What Drives Entrepreneurial Intention in the Digital Era? Insights from Postgraduate Students Experiencing AI-Based Entrepreneurial Education . Kontigensi : Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen, 13(2), 1124-1146. https://doi.org/10.56457/jimk.v13i2.873
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