Land Management Competence Through Independent Learning At The Ministry Of ATR/BPN
Keywords:
Competency development, Land Administration Functional Position, Strategic Human Resource Development, Self-Directed Learning, Corporate University
Abstract
The development of effective and equitable land governance requires strengthening the competency of the Land Administrator Functional Position (JFPP) as the core implementer of agrarian policy. However, there is a significant gap between the organization's strategic needs and actual conditions, indicated by a shortage of formation of 82.47%, a low IPASN competency score (70.73% is in the lowest range), and limited classical training capacity with a widyaiswara ratio of 1:549. This study aims to analyze the factors causing the suboptimal development of JFPP competencies and formulate a competency development strategy based on independent learning. The study used a descriptive-exploratory qualitative approach through in-depth interviews with 21 key informants and documentation studies, with thematic analysis based on the Strategic Human Resource Development (SHRD) and Self-Directed Learning (SDL) frameworks. The results show that the main problems lie in the lack of integration of the competency development system with work practices, the dominance of conventional training models, and the suboptimal institutionalization of learning leadership. On the other hand, JFPP has a high learning motivation but has not been facilitated by a structured system. This research formulates an Integrated Self-Directed Learning Strategy based on the 70–20–10 model that integrates experiential, social, and formal learning into the organizational performance system. This strategy encourages a transformation from an administrative approach to an adaptive, embedded learning system oriented toward improving the quality of land services.References
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Peraturan Menteri Agraria Dan Tata Ruang/Kepala Badan Pertanahan Nasional Republik Indonesia Nomor 6 Tahun 2025 Tentang Organisasi Dan Tata Kerja Kementerian Agraria Dan Tata Ruang/Badan Pertanahan Nasional (2025).
Peraturan Presiden Nomor 176 Tahun 2024 Tentang Kementerian Agraria Dan Tata Ruang, Pub. L. 176 Tahun 2024 (2024).
Prabawati, I., Meirinawati, & Aoktariyanda, T. (2018). Competency-based training model for human resource management and development in public sector. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 953(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/953/1/012157
Rahim, R. (2024). Strategi Pengembangan Kompetensi ASN di Era Digital. Jurnal Transformasi Administrasi, 14(02).
Ramadhania, S., & Novianty, I. (2020). Prosiding The 11 th Industrial Research Workshop and National Seminar Bandung.
Rana, S., Ardichvili, A., & Polesello, D. (2016). Promoting self-directed learning in a learning organization: tools and practices. European Journal of Training and Development, 40(7), 470–489. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJTD-10-2015-0076
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Silva, M., & Rodrigues, R. I. (2025). Training and Job Satisfaction in Portugal’s Public Sector: A Sequential Mediation Model Based on Competency Acquisition, Performance Appraisal, and Career Progression. Administrative Sciences, 15(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15050189
Spencer, L. M., & Spencer, S. M. (1993). Competence at work: Models for superior performance. John Wiley & Sons.
Suryanto, A., Prasetyo, A. G., Nurdin, N., & Aswad, M. (2023). The Reform of Apparatus Competence Development in Indonesia: Improving the Implementation System and the Implementing Actors. Information Sciences Letters, 12(4), 1307–1317. https://doi.org/10.18576/isl/120445
Swanson, R. A., & Holton, E. F. (2001). Foundations of Human Resource Development. Berrett-Koehler Publishers.
Torraco, R. J. (2005). Writing Integrative Literature Reviews: Guidelines and Examples. Human Resource Development Review, 4(3), 356–367. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534484305278283
Vithayaporn, S., Yong, S. S., & Chai, E. G. (2021). The integration of self-directed learning and employee competency in the 21st century. Asian Journal of Business Research, 11(2), 43–62. https://doi.org/10.14707/ajbr.210106
Wibowo. (2016). Manajemen kinerja (Edisi kelima). PT RajaGrafindo Persada.
Wright, P. M., & Mcmahan, G. C. (1992). Theoretical Perspectives for Strategic Human Resource Management. Journal of Management, 18, 295–320. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:144326589
Apascaritei, P., & Elvira, M. M. (2022). Dynamizing human resources: An integrative review of SHRM and dynamic capabilities research. Human Resource Management Review, 32(4). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2021.100878
Barney, J. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17(1), 99–120. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700108
Becker, G. S. (1964). Human capital: A theoretical and empirical analysis with special reference to education. University of Chicago Press. https://www.nber.org/books-and-chapters/human-capital-theoretical-and-empirical-analysis-special-reference-education-first-edition
Bowen, G. A. (2009). Document analysis as a qualitative research method. Qualitative Research Journal, 9(2), 27–40. https://doi.org/10.3316/QRJ0902027
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
Chandler, A. D. (1962). Strategy and structure: Chapters in the history of the American industrial enterprise. MIT Press. https://archive.org/details/strategystructur00chan_0/page/118/mode/2up
Charokar, K., & Dulloo, P. (2022). Self-directed Learning Theory to Practice: A Footstep towards the Path of being a Life-long Learner. In Journal of Advances in Medical Education and Professionalism (Vol. 10, Number 3, pp. 135–144). Shriaz University of Medical Sciences. https://doi.org/10.30476/jamp.2022.94833.1609
Civil Service College Singapore. (2021). Leadership Competency Framework for Singapore Public Service. Https://Knowledge.Csc.Gov.Sg/Ethos-Issue-23/Nurturingfutureleadersadaptingleadershipdevelopmentapproaches-to-a-Changing-Context/.
Collins, C. J. (2021). Expanding the resource based view model of strategic human resource management. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 32(2), 331–358. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2019.1711442
Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (4th ed.). SAGE Publications.
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (5th ed.). SAGE Publications.
Darusman, F., & Wijaya, C. (2020). KAPABILITAS DINAMIS SEKTOR PUBLIK : SEBUAH TINJAUAN LITERATUR.
David, F. R. (2011). Strategic management: Concepts and cases (13th ed.). Prentice Hall.
Garavan, T. N. (1991). Strategic Human Resource Development. Journal of European Industrial Training, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.1108/EUM0000000000219
Garavan, T. N. (2007). A Strategic Perspective on Human Resource Development. Advances in Developing Human Resources, 9(1), 11–30. https://doi.org/10.1177/1523422306294492
Garrison, D. R. (1997). Self-directed learning: Toward a comprehensive model. Adult Education Quarterly, 48(1), 18–33. https://doi.org/10.1177/074171369704800103
Gerhart, B., & Feng, J. (2021). The Resource-Based View of the Firm, Human Resources, and Human Capital: Progress and Prospects. Journal of Management, 47(7), 1796–1819. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206320978799
Guest, G., Bunce, A., & Johnson, L. (2006). How many interviews are enough? An experiment with data saturation and variability. Field Methods, 18(1), 59–82. https://doi.org/10.1177/1525822X05279903
Guglielmino, L. M. (1978). Development of the Self-Directed Learning Readiness Scale. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences, 38(11-A), 6467.
Hasanuddin, B., Aulia Ramadhani, F., Citra, N., Febrianto, F., & Judijanto, L. (2023). Leadership Competency Development in Public Management: Key Factors for Successfull Goverment. In Global International Journal of Innovative Research. https://global-us.mellbaou.com/
Hasibuan, M. S. P. (2002). Manajemen sumber daya manusia (Edisi revisi). PT Bumi Aksara.
Hawiyanti, I. R., & Natsir, M. (2024). Strategi pengembangan kompetensi Pegawai Negeri Sipil di lingkungan Pemerintah Kota Probolinggo. Jurnal Administrasi Publik, 15(1), 45–62.
Heri, O., & Andayani, F. (2020). Jurnal Ilmiah “Neo Politea” FISIP Universitas Al-Ghifari PENGARUH KOMPETENSI TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI PADA BIDANG KEPEMUDAAN DINAS PEMUDA DAN OLAHRAGA KOTA BANDUNG (Vol. 1, Number 2).
Kim, M. Y., Yu, H. J., & Park, S. M. (2017). Examining and testing the roles of human resource development (HRD) in the public sector: evidence from US federal agencies. International Review of Public Administration, 22(1), 60–86. https://doi.org/10.1080/12294659.2017.1304631
Knowles, M. S. (1975). Self-Directed Learning: A Guide for Learners and Teachers. Association Press.
Knowles, M. S. (1984a). Andragogy in action: Applying modern principles of adult learning. Jossey-Bass. https://elearningindustry.com/the-adult-learning-theory-andragogy-of-malcolm-knowles
Knowles, M. S. (1984b). The Adult Learner: A Neglected Species (3rd ed.). Gulf Publishing. https://archive.org/details/adultlearnernegl0000know/mode/2up
Knowles, M. S., Holton III, E. F., & Swanson, R. A. (2015). The adult learner: The definitive classic in adult education and human resource development (8Th ed.). Routledge.
Kosasih, Darmo, I. S., Rony, Z. T., Fatmawati, E., & Ali, H. (2024). THE HUMAN RESOURCES COMPETENCY DEVELOPMENT AS THE KEY TO ORGANIZATIONAL SUCCESS IN INDONESIA. Revista de Gestao Social e Ambiental, 18(2). https://doi.org/10.24857/RGSA.V18N2-123
Kvale, S., & Brinkmann, S. (2015). InterViews: Learning the craft of qualitative research interviewing (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications.
Lastiwi, D. T., Suryono, F., & Nihayati, B. Z. (2022). Strategi pengembangan kompetensi Aparatur Sipil Negara dan arah kebijakannya (Sebuah literature review). Jurnal Manajemen Pelayanan Publik, 5(2), 198–211. https://doi.org/10.24198/jmpp.v5i2.38745
Lee, H. C., & Blanchard, M. R. (2019). Why teach with PBL? Motivational factors underlying middle and high school teachers’ use of problem-based learning. Interdisciplinary Journal of Problem-Based Learning, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.7771/1541-5015.1719
Manz, C. C., & Manz, K. P. (1991). Strategies for Facilitating Self-Di rected Learning: A Process for Enhancing Human Resource Development (Vol. 2, Number 1). @JoSsey-Bars Inc.. Publishers.
McClelland. (1973). McClelland’s Theory of Competencies at Work (The Competency Model). Https://Experianta.Com/Directory/Concepts/Mcclellands-Theory-of-Competencies-at-Work-the-Competency-Model/.
NSW Public Service Commission. (2020). The NSW Public Sector Capability Framework Version 2. Https://Www.Psc.Nsw.Gov.Au/Workforce-Management/Capability-Framework/the-Capability-Framework.
Patton, M. Q. (2015). Qualitative research & evaluation methods: Integrating theory and practice (4th ed.). SAGE Publications.
Peraturan Menteri Agraria Dan Tata Ruang/Kepala Badan Pertanahan Nasional Republik Indonesia Nomor 6 Tahun 2025 Tentang Organisasi Dan Tata Kerja Kementerian Agraria Dan Tata Ruang/Badan Pertanahan Nasional (2025).
Peraturan Presiden Nomor 176 Tahun 2024 Tentang Kementerian Agraria Dan Tata Ruang, Pub. L. 176 Tahun 2024 (2024).
Prabawati, I., Meirinawati, & Aoktariyanda, T. (2018). Competency-based training model for human resource management and development in public sector. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 953(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/953/1/012157
Rahim, R. (2024). Strategi Pengembangan Kompetensi ASN di Era Digital. Jurnal Transformasi Administrasi, 14(02).
Ramadhania, S., & Novianty, I. (2020). Prosiding The 11 th Industrial Research Workshop and National Seminar Bandung.
Rana, S., Ardichvili, A., & Polesello, D. (2016). Promoting self-directed learning in a learning organization: tools and practices. European Journal of Training and Development, 40(7), 470–489. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJTD-10-2015-0076
Rubin, H. J., & Rubin, I. S. (2012). Qualitative interviewing: The art of hearing data (3rd ed., Ed.). Sage Publications.
Savery, J. R. (2006). Overview of Problem-based Learning: Definitions and Distinctions. Interdisciplinary Journal of Problem-Based Learning, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.7771/1541-5015.1002
Silva, M., & Rodrigues, R. I. (2025). Training and Job Satisfaction in Portugal’s Public Sector: A Sequential Mediation Model Based on Competency Acquisition, Performance Appraisal, and Career Progression. Administrative Sciences, 15(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15050189
Spencer, L. M., & Spencer, S. M. (1993). Competence at work: Models for superior performance. John Wiley & Sons.
Suryanto, A., Prasetyo, A. G., Nurdin, N., & Aswad, M. (2023). The Reform of Apparatus Competence Development in Indonesia: Improving the Implementation System and the Implementing Actors. Information Sciences Letters, 12(4), 1307–1317. https://doi.org/10.18576/isl/120445
Swanson, R. A., & Holton, E. F. (2001). Foundations of Human Resource Development. Berrett-Koehler Publishers.
Torraco, R. J. (2005). Writing Integrative Literature Reviews: Guidelines and Examples. Human Resource Development Review, 4(3), 356–367. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534484305278283
Vithayaporn, S., Yong, S. S., & Chai, E. G. (2021). The integration of self-directed learning and employee competency in the 21st century. Asian Journal of Business Research, 11(2), 43–62. https://doi.org/10.14707/ajbr.210106
Wibowo. (2016). Manajemen kinerja (Edisi kelima). PT RajaGrafindo Persada.
Wright, P. M., & Mcmahan, G. C. (1992). Theoretical Perspectives for Strategic Human Resource Management. Journal of Management, 18, 295–320. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:144326589
Published
2026-06-13
How to Cite
Hadhini, A. W. N., & Silitonga, M. S. (2026). Land Management Competence Through Independent Learning At The Ministry Of ATR/BPN. Kontigensi : Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen, 14(1), 126-139. https://doi.org/10.56457/jimk.v14i1.940
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